Unknown Maker, Egyptian

Anubis protected and guided the dead. This wooden head was part of a larger statuette guarding a shrine or coffin.

A glass-like material associated with rebirth, Egyptian faience was often used to make grave goods, such as this hippo. Hippos were associated with the Nile River, considered the source of all life.

Amulets provided protection; they were worn during life and sewn into the mummy wrappings of the deceased. Shabtis were figures placed in tombs to perform labor in the afterlife. If the deceased is called upon to sow or irrigate the land, a shabti will answer, “Here I am” and do the work for them.

—GB

The bright blue color of this hippo seemingly contrasts with the naturalistic modeling of its face and ears. By using blue glaze and covering the hippo's body with images of plant and animal life, the artist represented the animal in its habitat and evoked both the Nile River and the primeval waters of the god Nu, suggesting themes of life and rebirth. The Egyptians' wish for life after death may account for the inclusion of hippo statuettes in tombs of officials during the Middle Kingdom.

The placement of hippo figures in tombs, sometimes in direct contact with the mummy, required that the animal's dangerous aspects be negated so that the deceased would not be physically harmed. To ritually restrict this hippo's movement in the afterlife, its legs-now restored-were broken off.